Comprehensive Review of Gas Sensor Technologies: Fundamentals, Applications, and Microcontroller Integration

Abstract

This paper presents a detailed review of gas sensing technologies, covering a wide range of sensor types and their implementations across various industries. It discusses the fundamental principles, construction, and functionality of sensors, highlighting critical aspects such as sensitivity, selectivity, and signal processing. Microcontroller integration using simulation tools and practical wiring setups is also described, showcasing real-world implementations. A novel sensor design concept based on existing components is introduced, suggesting new directions in the evolution of gas sensors.